Vibrator



Sept. 7, 1926.

J. T. STONEY VIBRATOR I I l l l 1 1 6' l J \IIIIIIIII/ I I I Filed March l l l l l l L lN VENTOR Jafifi I 15/0 BYjf \ ATTORNEY ii atented Sept. '7, 1926.

UNITED STATES JOHN T. STONEY, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

VIBRATOR.

'" Application filed March 27, 1923. Serial No. 628,158.

The objectof my invention is a simple and eificient vibrator in which theplunger starts its operation, when pressure fluid is applied, irrespective of its position in the vibrator between the ends of its strokeand without the use of special valves, or springs, or other mechanism.

I attain this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a vibrator showing the inlet and exhaust openings and one mechanism for closing the ends of a vibrator; Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 22 of Figs. 1 and 4 showing the relation between the exhaust ports and the plunger; Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 4 showing the relation between the inlet ports and the plunger; Fig. 4 is a lon. gitudinal section on line 44 of Flg. 3 showing the relation between the plunger and the exhaust ports and the inlet ports and the percussion plates.

Similar reference characters refer to simi lar parts throughout the views.

Vibrators, particularly pressure fluid actuated vibrators, are adaptable to many purposes and are therefore either mounted or held in different positions varying from horizontal to vertical or any position therebetween. WV hen such a vibrator is mounted or held in substantially vertical position, the plunger will drop down to the end of the stroke when pressure fluid is not applied and the vibrator will start to operate as soon as pressure fluid is applied. When, however, such a vibrator is mounted or held in substantially horizontal position, the plunger quite frequently stops at different positions intermediate the ends of the stroke when pressure fluid is cut off, thereby closing the ports and the vibrator will not start to operate when pressure fluid is applied unless some spring or valve means or other mechanism is provided to'push the plunger to one end of the stroke when the pressure fluid is out ch while the plunger is in a position intermediate the ends of its travel.

Such spring or other means absorbs a certain amount of power and therefore reduces the efiiciency of the vibrator, adds more parts to the structure and therefore costs more to produce, and is more apt to get out of order and requires more repairs than a mechanism without those parts. When a sprin is used for instance, the power require to compress this spring at each stroke detracts just that much power from the blow of the plunger and reduces the efficiency.

A further disadvantage-with a spring is that it breaks quite frequently, due to the shocks created by the plunger when it strikes the percussion heads, and the broken pieces of the spring lodge in thebore and cut the wall of the bore as well as the plunger before the operator has any knowledge or indication that the spring is broken and that the vibrator should be stopped; in such cases the A, the plunger B, and the percussion plates or heads 0 and D.

The case A is provided with the bore 10 and with a countcrbore at each end into which the percussion plates C and D fit snugly diametrically; the outer faces 11 and 12 of these plates are either flush with or project slightly outside of the outer faces 13 and 14, respectively, of the case A to the end that the abutment cars '15 and 16 bear firmly against these plates and transmit the vibrations created by the plunger in an ellicient manner.

\Vhen a vibrator is to be installed for purposes other than those shown, these abutment means may be modified to suit the conditions imposed by such other installation.

The case A is further provided with the inlet ports 17 and 18, two in the present instance, which have their inner orifice in the wall of the bore 10 and their outer orifice in the hole 19 which is, for convenience of manufacture, drilled into one end of the case A and the outer and open end thereof is closed by the plug 20 threaded therein.

For convenience in manufacture, the inlet The vibrator shown consists of the case ports 17 and 18 are drilled in from the outside of the case A, traverse the hole 19, and the outer ends thereof are closed with the plugs 21 and 22 threaded therein.

The case A is further provided with sets of exhaust ports 23 and 24, three in each set in the present instance, which have their inner orifice in the wall of the bore 10 and their outer orifice in the outer wall of the case A. i

The case A is further provided with the boss 25 which is provided. with the hole 26 having its inner orifice in the wall of the hole 19 and having its-outer end 27 threaded to accommodate a pipe connection from a source of fluid pressure by which the vibratoris operated.

The plunger B is provided with the operating grooves 28 and 29 in suitable relation to the inlet and exhaust ports as will appear more in detail presently.

The plunger 13 is further provided, on each end, with the reduced portions 30 and 31 which strike against the percussion plates C and D respectively.

The plunger B is further provided with sets of intermediate ports 32 and 33, four in each set in the present instance; the ports 32 have their outer orifice in the Wall 34 of the plunger and their inner orifice in the groove 28; the ports 33 have their outer orifice in the wall 35 of the plunger and their inner orifice in the groove 29. i

The plunger B is further provided with the starting recess 36 adjacent the operating groove 29. The bottom of this recess 36 is only slightly smaller in diameter than the outside diameter of the plunger B to permit the escape of some ofthe fluid pressure while starting the vibrator as will appear more in detail presently.

The vibrator shown operates as follows: As shown in the drawing, the plunger 13 is resting in a substantially midway position in the bore with both of the inlet ports partially open to the operating grooves; both of the exhaust ports are closed by the plung er except that the exhaust ports 24 are slightly open through the starting recess 36. The inlet and exhaust ports being located, in relation to the operating grooves, as shown in Fig. 4 and as is common practice in vibrators.

Now when pressure fluid enters the hole 19, it flows into the grooves 28 and 29 through the inlet ports 17 and 18 respectively. The pressure fluid then flows from the groove 28 through the ports 32 and into the right hand end of the bore 10, thereby filling the space there (exhaust closed) and tending to move the plunger toward the left; but the pressure fluid then also flows from the groove 29 (both inlet ports open to the grooves), partially through the ports 33 and into the left hand end of the bore and partially exhausts directly out from the groove 29 through the starting recess 36 and the exhaust-ports 24. Therefore, the pressure in the right hand end of the bore is equal to the pressure of supply while the pressure in the left hand end of the bore is less than the pressure in the right 38, to accomplish this opening and closing at the proper time.

Since the pressure fluid can now exhaust from the right hand end of the bore through the, now open exhaust ports. 3, but can not exhaust from the left hand and of the bore through the now closed exhaust ports 24,

substantially the full force of the pressure fluid flows into the left hand end of the bore (inlet port 18 now fully open) and rapidly forces the plunger toward the rightand to the end of itsstroke.

The plunger is now'started and will travel back and forth in the usual manner.

Since the plunger travels so rapidly after it is started, the amount of pressure fluid which may leak through the recess 36 at a certain point of each stroke is so small that it will scarcely affect the efficiency of the vibrator.

Therefore, without-limiting myself to the particular inherent means shown and described, I claim 1. A vibrator comprising, a case provided with a bore, a plunger operable in said bore, means for simultaneously admitting pressure to both ends of said bore when said plunger is positioned intermediate the ends of the stroke thereof, and means for permitting some of said pressure to escape from one of said pressure admitting means to establish a difference of pressure on the ends of said plunger.

2. A plunger for a vibrator comprising, a body, two operating grooves extending cincumferentially around said body, ports 1 3.3

ing from one of said operating grooves to one end of said body, ports leading from the other of said operating grooves to the other end of said body, and a starting recess forming part of one of said operating grooves and extending circumferentially around said body.

3. A vibrator comprising, a case provided with two inlet ports s aced apart longitudinally and with two ex aust ports, a plunger operable in said case, two operating groove extending circumferentially around said plunger and spaced longitudinally so that the outer ends thereof uncover a portion of each of said inlet ports when said plunger is positioned substantially in the middle of the stroke thereof, and a starting recess extending circumferentially around said plunger and forming part of one of said operating grooves to establish communication between this one operating groove and one of said exhaust ports when said plunger is positioned intermediate the ends of the stroke thereof.

4. A vibrator comprising, a case provided with a bore and a counterbore at each end of said bore, a percussion plate in each of said counterbores, a plunger operable in said bore and between said percussion plates, means for simultaneously admitting pressure between both of said percussion plates 'and the respectiveends of said plunger when the same is positioned intermediate the ends of the stroke thereof, and means for permitting some of said pressure to escape from one of said pressure admitting means to establish a different pressure on one end of said plunger than on the other.

5. A vibrator comprising, a case provided with a bore, a counterbore at each end of said bore, two inlet ports in said bore and between said percussion plates, two operating grooves extending circumferentially around said plunger and spaced l'ongitudinally so that the-outer ends thereof uncover 'a'porti'on of each of said inlet ports when said plunger is positioned in substantially the middle of the stroke thereof, and a starting recess extending ci umiterentially around said plunger and to ming part of one of said operating grooves and adapted to partly open one of said exhaust ports to permit some of the operating pressure to escape from said one operating groove.

JOHN T. STONEY. 

